![]() ![]() This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the paper.įunding: This work was supported by Arbeitsgemeinschaft für industrielle Forschungsförderung, AIF Projekt GmbH, Grant Number: KF2387901SK9. Received: NovemAccepted: Published: May 24, 2016Ĭopyright: © 2016 Steinbrenner et al. PLoS ONE 11(5):Įditor: Michel Simon, CNRS-University of Toulouse, FRANCE This is also of importance for other applications where drugs have to be applied in non-polar vehicles because these solvents likely influence the outcome of the experiment substantially.Ĭitation: Steinbrenner I, Houdek P, Pollok S, Brandner JM, Daniels R (2016) Influence of the Oil Phase and Topical Formulation on the Wound Healing Ability of a Birch Bark Dry Extract. In conclusion, our data show that the oil used as a vehicle influences wound healing not only by affecting the release of the extract, but also by having its own vehicle effect on wound healing. Consequently, none of the emulsions showed a significantly positive effect on WH. However, the released betulin was clearly below the values measured with the respective oleogels. Depending on the preparation method (suspension or oleogel method) the distribution of the TE varied markedly and affected also release kinetics. As a further formulation option also surfactant free o/w emulsions were prepared using MCT, sunflower oil and LLP as a nonpolar oil phase. ![]() LLP impaired WH as plain oil and even though it released betulin comparable to sunflower oil it still results in an overall negative effect of the oleogel on WH. These results can be explained by release experiments where the release rate of betulin, the main component of TE, from MCT oleogels was significantly lower than from sunflower oil oleogels. In contrast, the oleogel of sunflower oil which alone showed a slight tendency to impair WH, enhanced WH significantly (ca. Concerning the respective oleogels, TE-MCT showed no improvement although the solubility of the TE was high. castor oil (ca.0.3-fold) or light liquid paraffin (LLP ca. Looking at the plain oils, medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) enhanced WH (ca. Here we wanted to know to what extent different oils and formulations (oleogel versus o/w emulsion) influence WH. Consistency of the oleogels and the dissolved amount of triterpenes varies largely with the used oil. A birch bark dry extract (TE) obtained by accelerated solvent extraction showed the ability to form oleogels when it is suspended in oils. Triterpenes from the outer bark of birch are known for various pharmacological effects including enhanced wound healing (WH). ![]()
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